Ukusetshenziswa okuningi kwe-1,4-butanediol: Indima ebalulekile embonini yanamuhla

I-1,4-butanediol (BDO) Ingabe uketshezi olunamafutha olungenamibala oludonse ukunaka okukhulu ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ngenxa yezakhiwo zalo ezihlukile nokusebenza okuhlukahlukene. Akukhona ukuthi le nhlanganisela engafanele ngamanzi, okwenza kube yi-solvent enhle kakhulu, kepha futhi ingasetshenziswa njenge-antifreeze ye-nontoxic, i-emulsifier yokudla, ne-hygroscopic ejenti. Izicelo zalo zichithe izimboni zemithi nemikhandlu kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-organic, okwenza kube yi-reagent ebalulekile yamakhemikhali ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza zanamuhla.

Enye yezimpawu eziphawuleka kakhulu ze1,4-butanediolamandla ayo okwenza njenge-solvent. Emkhakheni wamakhemikhali we-organic, ama-solvents adlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwesizathu sokuphendula kanye nokuncibilika. Okubi ka-BDO Amanzi avumela ukuthi kusetshenziswe ngempumelelo ekuphendukeni kwamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ku-chromatography yegesi lapho kusebenza khona njengoketshezi olumile. Le mpahla ibalulekile ekuhlukaniseni nasekuhlaziyweni kokuxutshwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, okwenza i-BDO iyithuluzi elibalulekile lokokhethi kanye nabacwaningi.

Ngaphezu kwendima yayo njenge-solvent, i-1,4-butanediol yamukelwa ngezakhiwo zayo ezingezona ezinobuthi, okwenza kube kuhle embonini yokudla. Njenge-Emulsifier yokudla, i-BDO isiza i-Stational ihlanganisa izingxubevange ezizohlukana, njengamafutha namanzi. Le mpahla ibaluleke kakhulu lapho ukhiqiza amasoso, izinkokhelo kanye neminye imikhiqizo yokudla edinga ukuthungwa okuguqukayo nokubukeka. Iphrofayili yezokuphepha ye-BDO iqinisekisa ukuthi ingasetshenziswa ngaphandle kokubeka ubungozi bezempilo kubathengi, ngenyuse futhi kuthuthukise ukudluliswa kwayo kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zokudla.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imvelo ye-hygroscopic ye1,4-butanediol Ivumela ukuthi ithole umswakama evela emvelweni, okwenza kube yisithako esisebenzayo ekuhlolweni okuhlukahlukene. Le mpahla inenzuzo ikakhulukazi embonini yezemithi, lapho ukulondolozwa khona ukuqina nokusebenza kahle kwezithako ezisebenzayo kubalulekile. Ngokungeza i-BDO ekwakhiweni, abakhiqizi banganweba impilo yeshalofu kanye nokwenza imisebenzi yabo, baqinisekise ukuthi bahlangabezana namazinga aphezulu embonini yezempilo.

Ukuguquguquka kwe-1,4-butanediolinwebeka ngaphezu kokudla kanye nemithi. Ku-organic synthesis, i-BDO iyibhulokhi yokwakha ukuze kukhiqizwe amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene nezinto zokwakha. Iyakwazi ukusabela kwe-polymerization ukuze iguqulwe ibe yi-polybutylene terephthalate (pbt), i-thermoplastic esetshenziswe kabanzi ekukhiqizweni kwezimoto, izakhi zikagesi nemikhiqizo yabathengi nemikhiqizo yabathengi. Lokhu kugcizelela indima ye-BDO njengendlela ebalulekile yokusebenza okuphezulu kweresendulweni yokwenziwa kwanamuhla.

Njengoba izimboni ziyaqhubeka nokuvela futhi zifune izixazululo ezizinzile, isidingo samakhemikhali angenazo anobuthi, ahlukahlukene anobuthi njenge-1,4-butanediol kulindeleke ukuthi akhule. Izicelo zayo emikhakheni ehlukahlukene njengokudla, amakhemisi kanye nezinto zokwenziwa izinto zokwakha ziqokomisa ukubaluleka kwayo ngezinqubo zamakhemikhali zanamuhla. Ngocwaningo oluqhubekayo kanye nentuthuko, ukusetshenziswa kwe-BDO okungenzeka ukuthi kungenzeka kwandise, kuveze indlela yemikhiqizo emisha nezixazululo ezihlangabezana nezidingo zezwe elihlale lishintsha.

Ekuphetheni,1,4-butanediol yindawo eyingqayizivele edlala indima ebalulekile ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. Izakhiwo zayo njenge-solvent, i-antifreeze engeyona into enobuthi, i-emulgifier yokudla kanye ne-hygroscopic ejenti yenza kube yinsizakalo ebalulekile emikhakheni yezemithi nokudla kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-organic kanye nasezinhlokweni eziphilayo. Njengoba siqhubeka nokuhlola amandla alesi sakhiwo esiguquguqukayo, kuyacaca ukuthi i-1,4-butanediol izoqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni amakhemikhali kanye nemboni yanamuhla.