I-Sodium hydride CAS 7646-69-7
Incazelo Yomkhiqizo
Igama Lomkhiqizo: i-Sodium hydride
I-CAS: 7646-69-7
MF: NaH
MW:24
I-EINECS:231-587-3
Iphuzu lokuncibilika: 800 °C (ngoDisemba) (ngokukhanya)
ubuningi :1.2
Izinga lokushisa lokugcina: Gcina ngaphansi kuka-+30°C.
Ukuncibilika: Kuncibilika ku-sodium encibilikisiwe. Akuncibiliki ku-ammonia, i-benzene, i-carbon tetrachloride, i-carbon disulfide kanye nazo zonke izinyibilikisi eziphilayo.
Umbala: Okumhlophe kuya kokumpunga okukhanyayo okuqinile.
Izakhiwo Zomkhiqizo
I-sodium hydride ingeyezikristalu ze-ionic, izinto zikasawoti lapho i-hydrogen ingama-ion angenayo i-monovalent. Uma ifudumala, ayizinzile, iyabola ngaphandle kokuncibilika, isabela nge-hydrolysis ye-sodium hydride ngamanzi ukulungiselela i-sodium hydroxide ne-hydrogen.
I-sodium hydride emsulwa iyizinhlayiya zesiliva ezifana nenaliti, izimpahla ze-sodium hydride ezitholakala kwezentengiselwano ngokuvamile ziyimpuphu engwevu ecwebezelayo, ingxenye ye-sodium hydride ingu-25% kuya ku-50% esakazeke ku-oyili. Ubuningi obuhlobene bungu-0.92. I-sodium hydride iyisakhiwo sohlobo lukasawoti wedwala olucwebezelayo (i-lattice constant a = 0.488nm), futhi njenge-lithium hydride ku-ionic crystalline, i-hydrogen ion ikhona ngesimo se-anion. Ukushisa kokwakheka kungu-69.5kJ · mol-1, ekushiseni okuphezulu okungu-800 ℃, iyabola ibe yi-metallic sodium ne-hydrogen; iyabola kakhulu emanzini; isabela ngamandla ngama-alcohols aphansi; iyancibilika ku-sodium encibilikisiwe kanye ne-sodium hydroxide encibilikisiwe; ayincibiliki ku-ammonia ewuketshezi, i-benzene, i-carbon tetrachloride kanye ne-carbon disulfide.
I-sodium hydride emsulwa yakha amakristalu e-cubic angenambala; nokho, umkhiqizo wezohwebo uqukethe izinsalela zensimbi ye-sodium, okwenza kube nombala ompunga okhanyayo. Lapho ingcindezi yomoya iphakama, i-sodium hydride ishintsha kancane i-hydrogen ngaphezu kwama-300 ℃. Kuma-420 ℃ ukubola kuyashesha kodwa ukuncibilika akwenzeki. I-sodium hydride ingusawoti ngakho-ke ayincibiliki ezinyibilikisini eziphilayo ezingangenisi. Iyancibilika ku-sodium hydroxide encibilikisiwe, kuma-sodium - potassium alloys kanye nasezingxubeni ze-LiCl - KCl eutectic ezincibilikisiwe (352 ℃). I-sodium hydride izinzile emoyeni owomile kodwa ivutha ngaphezu kwama-230 ℃, ivutha ukuze yakhe i-sodium oxide. I-hydrolyzed ngokushesha emoyeni omanzi futhi njengempuphu eyomile ivutha ngokuzenzekelayo. I-sodium hydride isabela ngamandla kakhulu namanzi, ukushisa kwe-hydrolysis kwanele ukutshisa i-hydrogen ekhululiwe. Iphendula ne-carbon dioxide ukuze yakhe i-sodium formate.
Isicelo
I-sodium hydride ingasetshenziswa ekuphenduleni kokujiya kanye ne-alkylation futhi ingasetshenziswa njengesikhuthazi se-polymerization, esetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwezinto zokwenziwa kwezidakamizwa futhi esetshenziswa embonini yeziqholo, esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-boron hydride, esetshenziswa njengokugqwala kobuso bensimbi, ama-reducing agent, i-condensing agent, i-desiccant kanye nama-reagent kaClay Johnson.
Isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokufinyeza, i-alkylating agent kanye ne-ejenti yokunciphisa, njll. Iyisinciphisi esibalulekile sezemithi, amakha, udayi, kodwa futhi njenge-ejenti yokomisa, i-alkylating agent, njll.
Emazingeni okushisa aphansi lapho izakhiwo zokunciphisa i-sodium zingathandeki njengasekuhlanganisweni kwama-ketone nama-aldehydes nama-esters e-acid; esixazululweni esine-sodium hydroxide encibilikisiwe yokunciphisa isikali se-oxide ezinsimbini; emazingeni okushisa aphezulu njenge-ejenti yokunciphisa kanye ne-catalyst yokunciphisa.
I-sodium hydride isetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukusabela kokujiya kwama-carbonyl compounds ngokusebenzisa i-Dieckmann condensation, i-Stobbe condensation, i-Darzens condensation kanye ne-Claisen condensation. Isebenza njenge-ejenti yokunciphisa esetshenziselwa ukulungiselela i-diborane evela ku-boron trifluoride. Iphinde isetshenziswe ezimotweni zamaseli kaphethiloli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isetshenziselwa ukomisa ezinye izinyibilikisi eziphilayo. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ihilelekile ekulungiseleleni ama-sulfur ylides, asetshenziselwa ukuguqulwa kwama-ketone abe ama-epoxide.
Ukupakisha Nokugcina Izinto
Ukupakisha: 100g/ithini; 500g/ithini; 1kg ngethini; 20kg ngedrama yensimbi
Indawo Yokugcina: Ingagcinwa emathinini ensimbi anesembozo sangaphandle sokuvikela, noma emadromini ensimbi ukuvimbela umonakalo wemishini. Gcina endaweni ehlukile, epholile, eyomile futhi enomoya omuhle, futhi uvimbele umswakama ngokuqinile. Izakhiwo kumele zibe nomoya omuhle futhi zingagcwali igesi.
Ulwazi lokuhamba
Inombolo ye-UN: 1427
Isigaba Sengozi: 4.3
Iqembu Lokupakisha: I
IKHODI YE-HS: 28500090
Imininingwane
| Igama lomkhiqizo | I-sodium hydride | |
| Inombolo ye-CAS | 7646-69-7 | |
| Izinto | Okujwayelekile | Imiphumela |
| Ukubukeka | Izinhlayiya eziqinile ezimpunga yesiliva | Ukuhambisana |
| Ukuhlolwa | ≥60% | Ukuhambisana |
| Inani le-hydrogen elisebenzayo | ≥96% | Ukuhambisana |
| Isiphetho | Kuvumelana Nezindinganiso Zebhizinisi | |
